"Cryptocalypse": technology association pushes for quantum-safe encryption

In a position paper, the electrical engineering and IT association VDE promotes secure communication through quantum key distribution: "The current geopolitical situation makes securing digital information and communication networks more important than ever," explains the association. The computing power of quantum computers on the horizon requires new procedures to protect corresponding infrastructures. "Now is the time to arm ourselves against the attacks of future high-performance computers with the latest technology," emphasizes Damian Dudek, Managing Director of the Information Technology Society (ITG) within the VDE.

According to Dudek, it is also necessary to counter the "store now – decrypt later" attack strategy that has already been observed. Background: Powerful quantum computers could overcome common encryption methods in the blink of an eye ("cryptocalypse"). The German Federal Office for Information Security (BSI) assumes a time horizon of ten to 20 years – without unexpected technological breakthroughs. The search for a replacement for currently used algorithms for public key cryptography is therefore in full swing to be able to continue to secure e-mails, online banking, medical data, access to control systems and national security tasks.

First QKD systems can be tested

According to the paper, quantum physics, which was founded almost a hundred years ago, provides a possible answer to such threat scenarios with the quantum key distribution (QKD) approach. This exchange involves using quantum effects to enable two remote parties to agree on a secret key via an insecure channel. The first functioning QKD systems "are already available on the market today", writes the VDE. The secure keys used for this could be integrated into existing infrastructures under certain conditions. They send photon packets with certain quantum mechanical properties from A to B, either via optical fiber or via a line of sight. Security certification is currently being worked on.

The association admits that QKD systems are not yet cost-effective enough for large-scale use. However, the VDE believes that they are already affordable for small application scenarios. Manufacturers are continuing to work on miniaturization, for example through photonic chip integration. Overall, QKD is a viable alternative to the often preferred post-quantum cryptography (PQK). This is not based on quantum physical effects, but uses special encryption algorithms. Last year, the BSI also repeatedly spoke out with partner organizations in favour of a rapid transition to quantum-safe encryption. However, it focused on PQK.

(vbr)