Atrial fibrillation: Apple Watch can also help those being treated
The 1-channel ECG of the Apple Watch can detect atrial fibrillation that wasn't previously known. But it is also useful after diagnosis, researchers say.
1-channel ECG of the Apple Watch, here in Series 4.
(Image: Apple)
It is known that the Apple Watch has already helped to detect previously unknown diseases on several occasions, particularly in the cardiovascular system. Apple regularly begins its keynotes with videos in which affected individuals comment positively on this. However, it should be considered that the smartwatch is only officially approved for certain types of disease detection. For example, since the Apple Watch Series 4, the devices can detect signs of atrial fibrillation (English term: “atrial fibrillation” or AFib). However, until now, this was only the case if there was no prior diagnosis. Similar to high blood pressure detection, the function is intended only for people who are considered healthy. A study now shows that the 1-channel ECG of the Apple Watch can also help detect atrial fibrillation when a diagnosis and even treatment are already in place.
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Scientists at St. Bartholomew's Hospital in London show in a clinical study with no less than 168 patients that the Apple Watch can be used for follow-up care. In cases of severe atrial fibrillation that cannot be treated with medication, a heart procedure called catheter ablation helps. This is performed minimally invasively. However, the question then arises whether the treatment was truly successful. This can only be determined through regular measurements.
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In the study, an Apple Watch Series 5, which was loaned to the participants, took on this task. They were instructed to take at least one measurement daily. After three, six, and twelve months, examinations with an expert were conducted. As it turned out, the Apple Watch could detect newly occurring atrial fibrillation with a higher probability – and above all, earlier. The average detection time was 116 days, while a control group only reached 132 days.
Small study, good result
The overall detection rate was 52.9 percent compared to 34.9 percent in the control group. However, the number of unplanned hospital stays due to a recurrence of atrial fibrillation or related conditions was reduced. Without tracking, the rate was more than twice as high.
The result is certainly not surprising, as the measurement itself appears helpful. However, it was previously unknown whether the Apple Watch reliably does this for individuals who have already been treated for atrial fibrillation. It remains to be considered how small the study was. Therefore, it will still take some time before Apple officially approves the devices for follow-up care as well – which would also require approval from the medical device regulatory authority.
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